The Argentinean judge Mónica Cuñarro, coordinator of the Scientific Committee on narcotics*, explains how the sentence dictated by the Argentinean Nation’s Higher Justice Court, which declares as unconstitutional the offense of narcotics possession for personal consumption, is a paradigm for Latin America. The sentence not only breaks away from a punitive norm, but it also imposes a barrier to the state’s punitive power, by relying on the principles of personal autonomy and dignity of man, among others, as this expert explains.